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I Am Coming Again to Rule the World

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Belief regarding the return of Jesus

Greek icon of the 2d Coming, c. 1700

The 2d Coming (sometimes called the Second Advent or the Parousia) is a Christian and Islamic conventionalities that Jesus will render again, after his ascent to heaven about two thou years ago. The thought is based on messianic prophecies and is part of most Christian eschatologies.

Views nearly the nature of Jesus's Second Coming vary amid Christian denominations and among individual Christians, as well as among Muslims and Bahá'ís.

Terminology [edit]

Several different terms are used to refer to the 2d Coming of Christ:

In the New Testament, the Greek word ἐπιφάνεια (epiphaneia, appearing) is used v times to refer to the return of Christ.[1]

The Greek New Testament uses the Greek term parousia (παρουσία, meaning "arrival", "coming", or "presence") twenty-4 times, seventeen of them concerning Christ. Nonetheless, parousia has the distinct reference to a period of fourth dimension rather than an instance in time. At Matthew 24:37 parousia is used to clearly draw the period of time that Noah lived. The Greek word eleusidue south which ways "coming" is not interchangeable with parousia. So this parousia or "presence" would exist unique and distinct from anything that had occurred before.[ii] The word is also used six times referring to individuals (Stephanas, Fortunatus and Achaicus,[1Co.16:17] Titus,[2Co. 7:6–72] and Paul the Apostle [2Co. 10:10] [Phil 1:26] [two:12]) and ane time referring to the "coming of the lawless one".[2Thes 2:nine]

Gustav Adolf Deissmann (1908)[3] showed that the Greek discussion parousia occurred as early on as the third century BC to describe the visit of a king or dignitary to a metropolis – a visit bundled in society to show the visitor's magnificence to the people.

In Islam, the term Rajʽa (Arabic: الرجعة, romanized: al-rajʿah , lit.'Return') refers to the 2d Coming.[4] The term is most normally used by Shia Muslims.[4]

Specific date predictions and claims [edit]

Views near the nature of the Second Coming vary amidst Christian denominations and amongst individual Christians. Many specific dates take been predicted for the Second Coming, some at present in the distant by, others still in the future.

Christianity [edit]

Most English versions of the Nicene Creed include the following statements:[ citation needed ]

...he ascended into sky and is seated at the right hand of the Father. He will come again in his celebrity to estimate the living and the dead, and his kingdom will have no end. ... Nosotros await for the resurrection of the dead, and the life of the world to come.

A 2010 survey showed that about 40% of Americans believe that Jesus is likely to return by 2050. This varies from 58% of white evangelical Christians, through 32% of Catholics to 27% of white mainline Protestants.[5] Belief in the 2d Coming was popularised in the United states in the late nineteenth century by the evangelist Dwight L. Moody and the premillennial estimation became 1 of the core components of Christian fundamentalism in the 1920s.

Early Christianity [edit]

Jesus told his disciples,

"Truly I tell yous, this generation [greek: genea] will certainly not pass away until all these things take happened. Heaven and globe will laissez passer away, but my words will not pass abroad."

The most common English translation of genea is "generation",[six] which lead some to conclude that the Second Coming was to be witnessed by the people living in the same generation as Jesus. For case, according to historian Charles Freeman, early Christians expected Jesus to return within a generation of his decease and the non-occurrence of the 2d coming really surprised the early on Christian communities.[7]

In most German Bibles, genea is instead translated as "family/lineage" (geschlecht).[8] Likewise for Danish, Swedish and Norwegian (slægt, släkte and slekt, respectively).[9] [x] [eleven] The Danish linguist Iver Larsen argues that the word "generation" as it was used in the King James Version of the Bible (1611) had a much wider meaning than it has today, and that the correct translation of genea in the context of the 2nd coming is "kind of people." (specifically the "good" kind of people; the disciple's kind of people, who, like the words of Jesus, will suffer through all the tribulations). In Psalm xiv, the King James version uses "generation" in this wide and outdated sense, when it declares that "God is in the generation of the righteous."[12] According to Larsen, the Oxford Universal Dictionary states that the latest attested employ of genea in the sense of "class, kind or gear up of persons" took identify in 1727. Larsen concludes that the meaning of "generation" in the English language language has narrowed considerably since and then.[13]

Bible scholar Philip La Grange du Toit argues that genea is mostly used to draw a timeless and spiritual family/lineage of expert or bad people in The New Testament, and that this is the case besides for the 2nd coming discourse in Matthew 24. In dissimilarity to Larsen still, he argues that the give-and-take genea here denotes the "bad" kind of people," considering Jesus had used the word in that pejorative sense in the preceding context (affiliate 23.) He too lists the principal competing translation alternatives, and some of the scholars that supports the different views:

  • 'This generation' refers to Jesus' contemporaries who would witness 'all these things' [πάντα ταῦτα] as outlined in verses iv–31, including Jesus' 2nd coming (Davies & Allison 1997:367–368; Hare 1993:281; Maddox 1982:111–115). Because Jesus' contemporaries did not witness his second coming, some contend that Jesus erred in his predictions (Luz 2005:209; cf. Schweitzer 1910:356–364).
  • 'This generation' refers to Jesus' contemporaries who would witness 'all these things' every bit outlined in verses 4–22 or 4–28, pointing to the devastation of the temple in 70 CE and everything leading up to it. Jesus' 2d coming (vv. 29–31) is thus excluded from 'all these things' (Blomberg 1992:364; Carson 1984:507; France 2007:930; Hagner 1995:715).
  • 'This generation' points to the Ἰουδαῖοι [Jews or Judaeans], implying that they as a race would last until the Parousia (Hendriksen 1973:868–869; Schweizer 1976:458).
  • In patristic opinion, 'this generation' points to the church against which the gates of Hades would non prevail (cf. Chrysostom, Hom. Matt. 77:one; Eusebius, Frag. in Lc. advert loc).
  • 'This generation' points to some future generation, from Matthew's perspective, that sees 'all these things' (Bock 1996:538–539; Conzelmann 1982:105).
  • The words 'take place' or 'have happened' [γένηται] is interpreted equally an ingressive aorist: 'to begin' or 'to accept a beginning'. In other words, 'all these things' would starting time to happen in the generation of Jesus' present disciples, but would non necessarily end in their time (Cranfield 1954:291; Talbert 2010:270).
  • 'This generation' points to a certain kind of people in accordance with the pejorative connotations to 'generation' [γενεά] elsewhere in the gospel (Morris 1992:613; Nelson 1996:385; Rieske 2008:225; see, e.g., Mt 11:xvi; 12:39, 41–42, 45; 16:4; 17:17; 23:36). While DeBruyn (2010:190) and Lenski (1943:953) interpret the expression in a like way, they connect 'this generation' to a sure kind of people from the Ἰουδαῖοι who resisted Jesus (cf. view iii discussed earlier).[14]

Jesus is also recorded as saying,

"...in that location are some standing here, which shall not taste death, till they see the Son of Homo coming in his kingdom."

He makes similar predictions in 5 other places in the Gospels; Mark ix:ane, Marker 13:30, Matt 24:34, Luke ix:27, Luke 21:32. In religious sceptic Victor J. Stenger'southward view, when the coming did not happen within the life-times of his disciples, Christianity changed its emphasis to the resurrection and promise of eternal life.[15] A competing view is that it is Jesus' coming in ability on the mountain that provides the correct interpretative frame for the "non sense of taste death" argument. The writer of 2d Peter describes the event:

"For we did not follow cleverly devised myths when we made known to you lot the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but we had been eyewitnesses of his majesty. For he received honour and glory from God the Father when that vox was conveyed to him by the Majestic Celebrity, saying, 'This is my Son, my Beloved, with whom I am well pleased.' We ourselves heard this phonation come from sky, while we were with him on the holy mountain."

Preterism [edit]

The position associating the 2d Coming with 1st century events such as the destruction of Jerusalem and of the Jewish Temple in AD 70 is known as Preterism.[16]

Some Preterists see this "coming of the Son of Man in glory" primarily fulfilled in Jesus' death on the cross. They believe the apocalyptic signs are already fulfilled including "the dominicus will be dark" (cf. Marker 13:24–15:33), the "powers ... volition exist shaken," (cf. Marker 13:25–fourteen:63, 15:v) and "and then they will see" (cf. Marking xiii:26–15:31, 15:39). Yet some critics note that many are missing, such as "But the twenty-four hour period of the Lord will come up as a thief in the night, in which the heavens will pass away with a swell noise, and the elements volition melt with fervent rut; both the world and the works that are in it will be burned upward." (2 Peter iii:10).[17] And "Then the sign of the Son of Man will appear in heaven, and so all the tribes of the globe volition mourn, and they volition run into the Son of Man coming on the clouds of sky with ability and cracking glory." (Matthew 24:thirty)[eighteen]

Catholicism [edit]

According to the Cosmic Church, the 2nd coming volition bring about the fullness of the reign of God and the consummation of the universe, mankind, and salvation.[19] The Catholic Church believes in that location are three things that hasten the return of Jesus: the transforming power of the Holy Spirit in the liturgy;[twenty] living with the mind of Jesus;[21] and praying for the Lord to come, above all in the Eucharist.[22]

Many Christian denominations consider this 2d coming of Christ to be the final and eternal judgment by God of the people in every nation[23] resulting in the glorification of some and the penalisation of others. The concept is institute in all the Approved gospels, particularly the Gospel of Matthew.

A decisive factor in this Last Judgement during the 2nd coming of Christ will be the question, if the corporal and spiritual works of mercy were practiced or not during lifetime. They rate as of import acts of mercy, charity and justice. Therefore, and co-ordinate to the Biblical sources (Matthew 25:31–46), the conjunction of the Last Judgement and the works of mercy is very frequent in the pictorial tradition of Christian art.[24]

Oriental Orthodoxy and Eastern Orthodoxy [edit]

It is the traditional view of Orthodox Christians, preserved from the early Church, that the Second Coming volition be a sudden and unmistakable incident, like "a wink of lightning".[Mt 24:27] They hold the general view that Jesus will not spend whatsoever fourth dimension on the earth in ministry building or preaching, but come to gauge flesh.[25] They teach that the ministry building of the Antichrist will take place right before the Second Coming.[25]

The Ethiopian Orthodox Church, a role of the Oriental Orthodox communion of churches, teaches that the 2nd coming of Jesus will be radically unlike than his first coming, which "was to save the lost world".[26]

Orthodox layman Alexander Kalomiros explains the original Church'due south position regarding the Second Coming in River of Burn [27] and Against False Union,[28] stating that those who contend that Christ will reign on earth for a g years "do not wait for Christ, but for the Antichrist." The idea of Jesus returning to this earth as a king is a heretical concept to the Church building, equated to "the expectations of the Jews who wanted the Messiah to be an earthly King." The Church instead teaches that which information technology has taught since the beginning.

Lutheranism and Anglicanism [edit]

A reference to the second coming is contained in the Nicene Creed and Apostles Creed, which is recited during the Lutheran and Anglican liturgies: "He [Jesus] shall come again in glory to approximate the living and the dead; and His kingdom shall have no terminate." An analogous statement is as well in the biblical Pauline Creed (1 Corinthians 15:23).[29]

The Lutheran and Anglican churches proclaim the Mystery of Organized religion in their liturgies: "Christ has died, Christ is risen, Christ will come up again."[30] [31] [32]

Methodism [edit]

Some Methodist denominations teach that the Second Coming is connected with the Concluding Judgement.[33] The Emmanuel Association, a Methodist denomination in the bourgeois holiness movement teaches:[34]

Nosotros believe that the second coming of Our Lord is to be personal and premillennial, also that information technology is imminent (Acts i:nine-eleven; one Thessalonians 4:14-17; Matthew 25:13; Revelation 22:12). We must distinguish betwixt the Rapture―His coming in the air to receive His saints, which may occur at any moment―and the Revelation―His coming down to world with His saints (2 Thessalonians i:7-10; Matthew 24-27; 26:29; Revelation 20:4), which latter will not occur until after the gathering of Israel, the manifestation of the Antichrist, and other prophesied events (2 Thessalonians 2:viii-ten; Revelation 19:20). ―Principles of Organized religion, Emmanuel Association of Churches[34]

Latter Twenty-four hour period Saint movement [edit]

The standard works of The Church building of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church building) say that Christ will return, equally stated in the Bible. They also teach that

When the Savior comes again, He will come in power and glory to claim the globe as His kingdom. His Second Coming will mark the beginning of the Millennium. The Second Coming will exist a fearful, mournful fourth dimension for the wicked, but it will exist a mean solar day of peace for the righteous.[35]

The LDS Church and its leaders do non make predictions of the actual date of the Second Coming.

Latter-day Saints have particularly distinct and specific interpretations of what are considered to be signs stated in the Book of Revelation.[36] According to LDS Church building teachings, the restored gospel will exist taught in all parts of the globe prior to the 2nd Coming.[37] Church building members believe that at that place will be increasingly severe wars, earthquakes, hurricanes, and other man-fabricated and natural disasters prior to the Second Coming.[38]

Seventh-solar day Adventists [edit]

Central Belief #25 of the Seventh-day Adventist Church states:

The 2nd coming of Christ is the blessed hope of the church, the m climax of the gospel. The Saviour's coming will be literal, personal, visible, and worldwide. When He returns, the righteous expressionless will be resurrected, and together with the righteous living will exist glorified and taken to heaven, but the unrighteous will die. The almost complete fulfillment of most lines of prophecy, together with the present condition of the earth, indicates that Christ'due south coming is imminent. The time of that event has non been revealed, and nosotros are therefore exhorted to be ready at all times (Titus 2:13; Hebrews 9:28; John 14:one–3; Acts one:9–11; Matthew 24:14; Revelation one:7; Matthew 24:43, 44; 1 Thessalonians 4:13–18; 1 Corinthians 15:51–54; ii Thessalonians 1:7–ten; two:8; Revelation xiv:14–20; Revelation nineteen:11–21; Matthew 24; Mark 13; Luke 21; 2 Timothy 3:i–five; i Thessalonians 5:1–6).[39]

Jehovah's Witnesses [edit]

Jehovah's Witnesses rarely use the term "2d coming", preferring the term "presence" equally a translation of parousia.[twoscore] They believe that Jesus' comparing of "the presence of the Son of human" with "the days of Noah" at Matthew 24:37–39 and Luke 17:26–30 suggests a duration rather than a moment of inflow.[41] They also believe that biblical chronology points to 1914[42] as the beginning of Christ's "presence", which continues until the final battle of Armageddon. Other biblical expressions they correlate with this period include "the time of the end" (Daniel 12:iv), "the conclusion of the system of things" (Matthew 13:forty,49; 24:3) and "the final days" (2 Timothy 3:one; 2 Peter 3:three).[43] [44] Witnesses believe Christ's millennial reign begins after Armageddon.[45]

Emanuel Swedenborg and the New Church [edit]

Emanuel Swedenborg, an 18th century scientist turned theologian, taught that his time (that historians have called the Historic period of Enlightenment) was an age of darkness and doubt for the Christian church. Historian Marguerite Beck Block writes,

At present therefore it was time for a new church to be founded upon the earth, and for this purpose it was necessary for the Lord Himself to make his 2nd Coming to the sons of men.

"The night is followed past a morning which is the coming of the Lord. . . . The prevailing stance in the churches at the nowadays mean solar day is, that when the Lord shall come up for the last judgment. He will appear in the clouds of heaven with angels and the sound of trumpets, etc.," but this opinion is erroneous. The Second Coming of the Lord is non a coming in person, but in spirit and in the Word, which is from Him, and is Himself. . . . Heretofore it has not been known that 'the clouds of heaven' mean the Discussion in the sense of the letter, and that the 'celebrity and power' in which He is and so to come, mean the spiritual sense of the Word, because no one as nonetheless has had the least conjecture that there is a spiritual sense in the Word, such as this sense is in itself. But as the Lord has now opened to me the spiritual sense of the Word, and has granted me to be associated with angels and spirits in their world as ane of them, it is at present disclosed.

. . . This 2nd Coming of the Lord is effected by means of a man to whom the Lord has manifested Himself in Person, and whom He has filled with His Spirit, that he may teach the doctrines of the New Church from the Lord by means of the Word. . . . That the Lord manifested Himself before me. His servant, and sent me to this office, . . . I affirm in truth."[46]

Esoteric Christian teachings [edit]

In Max Heindel'south teaching, in that location is a stardom betwixt the cosmic Christ, or Christ without, and the Christ within.[47] According to this tradition, the Christ within is regarded as the true Saviour who needs to exist born within each private[48] in order to evolve toward the future Sixth Epoch in the Earth'due south etheric plane, that is, toward the "new heavens and a new earth":[49] the New Galilee. [50] The 2d Coming or Advent of the Christ is non in a concrete torso,[51] simply in the new soul body of each private in the etheric plane of the planet[52] where homo "shall be caught upward in the clouds to run across the Lord in the air."[53] The "day and hour" of this result is not known.[54] The esoteric Christian tradition teaches that first there will be a preparatory period every bit the Lord's day enters Aquarius, an astrological concept, past precession: the coming Age of Aquarius.[55]

Islam [edit]

Traditional view [edit]

In Islam, Jesus (Arabic: عيسى ʿĪsā) is considered to be a prophet and messenger of God, as well as the Messiah who was sent to guide the Children of Israel (banī isrā'īl) with revelation called the Injīl (Gospel).[56] The conventionalities in Jesus (and all other messengers of God) is required in Islam, and a requirement of being a Muslim. Muslims practice not recognize Jesus as the Son of God, every bit they believe God has no equals, just instead equally a prophet. The Quran states that Jesus was built-in to the virgin Mary. Muslims believe that Jesus was not crucified, equally a lookalike was made to resemble him, who was crucified instead. Jesus was and then raised to the heavens where he is believed to be live. In the Quran, the Christian belief of the Resurrection of Jesus is not mentioned.[57]

The Quran refers to a conversation between Jesus and God on sentence mean solar day in Sura Al-Ma'idah 5:116, 5:117. Jesus is questioned v:116 "Did you lot ever inquire the people to worship you and your female parent every bit gods as well Allah?". To which Jesus replies v:117 "I never told them annihilation except what Yous ordered me to say: "Worship Allah—my Lord and your Lord!" And I was witness over them as long as I remained amongst them."

And ˹on Judgment Day˺ Allah will say, "O Jesus, son of Mary! Did you ever ask the people to worship you and your mother every bit gods besides Allah?" He volition answer, "Glory be to You! How could I ever say what I had no right to say? If I had said such a thing, you would accept certainly known information technology. You know what is ˹subconscious˺ within me, but I exercise not know what is within You. Indeed, You ˹solitary˺ are the Knower of all unseen. 5:116

I never told them anything except what You ordered me to say: "Worship Allah—my Lord and your Lord!" And I was witness over them as long equally I remained among them. But when Yous took me, Y'all were the Witness over them—and You lot are a Witness over all things. 5:117

In the Quran, the 2d coming of Jesus is heralded in Sura Az-Zukhruf equally a sign of the Day of Judgment.

And (Jesus) shall be a Sign (for the coming of) the Hour (of Judgment): therefore have no uncertainty near the (Hour), but follow ye Me: this is a Straight Fashion. 43:61[58]

Ibn Kathir presents this poetry as proof of Jesus' second coming in the Quran in his exegesis Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Azim.[59]

There are besides hadiths that foretell Jesus' time to come return such every bit:[60] Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 3, Book 43: Kitab-ul-`Ilm (Book of Cognition), Hadith Number 656:

The Hour will non be established until the son of Mary (i.e. Jesus) descends amongst you as a just ruler, he will break the cross (idol symbol of Christians), kill the pigs, and abolish the Jizya tax. Money will exist in abundance then that nobody will accept it (equally charitable gifts).

According to Islamic tradition, Jesus' descent will be in the midst of wars fought by the Mahdi (lit. "the rightly guided one"), known in Islamic eschatology as the redeemer of Islam, confronting the al-Masih advertisement-Dajjal (literally "the false messiah", synonymous with the Antichrist) and his followers.[62] Jesus volition descend at the point of a white arcade, due east of Damascus, dressed in saffron robes — his head anointed. He will and so join the Mahdi in his war against the Dajjal. Jesus, considered in Islam as a Muslim (one who submits to God) and i of God's messengers, volition abide by the Islamic teachings. Eventually, Jesus volition slay the Antichrist Dajjal, and then anybody from the People of the Book (ahl al-kitāb, referring to Jews and Christians) will believe in him. Thus, there will be i community, that of Islam. Sahih Muslim, 41:7023

After the decease of the Mahdi, Jesus will assume leadership. This is a time associated in Islamic narrative with universal peace and justice. Islamic texts too insinuate to the appearance of Ya'juj and Ma'juj (Gog and Magog), ancient tribes that will disperse and cause disturbance on globe. God, in response to Jesus' prayers, will kill them by sending a type of worm in the napes of their necks.[62] Jesus' rule is said to exist around forty years, after which he will die, (co-ordinate to Islam Jesus did non die on the cross but was taken up to heaven and continues to live until his render in the second coming). Muslims will then perform the Salat al-Janazah (funeral prayer) for him and coffin him in the city of Medina in a grave left vacant beside Muhammad.[lx]

Ahmadiyya [edit]

The Ahmadiyya move (declared united nations-Islamic past principles of Islam) believe that the promised Mahdi and Messiah arrived in the person of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (1835–1908). This is generally rejected by mainstream Muslims, who do non regard Ahmadis as a legitimate sect of Islam.

The hadith (sayings of the Islamic prophet Muhammad) and the Bible indicated that Jesus would return during the latter days. Islamic tradition commonly depicts that Jesus, upon his second coming, would be an Ummati (Muslim) and a follower of Muhammad and that he would revive the truth of Islam rather than fostering a new religion.

The Ahmadiyya movement interpret the Second Coming of Jesus prophesied as being that of a person "similar to Jesus" (mathīl-i ʿIsā) and not his physical return, in the same way every bit John the Baptist resembled the character of the biblical prophet Elijah in Christianity. Ahmadis believe that Ghulam Ahmad demonstrated that the prophecy in Muslim and Christian religious texts were traditionally misunderstood to suggest that Jesus of Nazareth himself would return, and hold that Jesus survived the crucifixion and later died a natural expiry. Ahmadis consider Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (the founder of the movement), in both his grapheme and teachings, to exist representative of Jesus, and that he attained the same spiritual rank of Prophethood equally Jesus. Thus, Ahmadis believe this prediction was fulfilled and continued past his movement.[63] [64]

Baháʼí Faith [edit]

Co-ordinate to the Baháʼí Faith, the Second Coming is a gradual process that coincides with the advancement of human civilization from the beginning of humanity. It teaches that the founders of the major earth religions each represent a return of the Word and Spirit of God as a new, unique personification sent by God, who introduces new teachings, laws and revelations, such that all major religions are part of a progressive revelation. Each Coming is said to build upon the major world religions emerging from earlier ages, verifying previous spiritual truths, and fulfilling its prophesies regarding a future return or coming. In this context, the Second Coming is depicted as a continuation of God's volition in ane continuous faith, with different names as presented by the founders of each religion as the voice of God at different times in history.

Bahá'u'lláh announced that he was a manifestation of the returned Christ, understood as a reappearance of the Word and Spirit of God:

O thou who fine art waiting, tarry no longer, for He is come. Behold His Tabernacle and His Glory habitation therein. It is the Ancient Glory, with a new Manifestation.[65]

He wrote to Pope Pius IX,

He Who is the Lord of Lords is come up overshadowed with clouds... He, verily, hath once more come up down from Sky fifty-fifty as He came down from it the kickoff time. Beware that thou dispute not with Him even as the Pharisees disputed with Him without a clear token or proof.[66]

He referred to himself as the Aboriginal of Days and the Pen of Celebrity,[67] and also claimed:

This is the Father foretold by Isaiah, and the Comforter concerning Whom the Spirit had covenanted with you. Open your eyes, O concourse of bishops, that ye may behold your Lord seated upon the Throne of might and glory.[68]

Baha'u'llah as well wrote,

Say: We, in truth, have given Ourself as a ransom for your ain lives. Alas, when We came once once more, We beheld yous fleeing from United states, whereat the eye of My loving-kindness wept sore over My people."[67]

Followers of the Baháʼí Faith believe that prophecies of the 2d coming of Jesus (along with prophecies from other religions) were fulfilled by his forerunner the Báb in 1844 and then by the events occurring during the days of Bahá'u'lláh.[69] They believe that the fulfillment of Christian prophecies by Baha'u'llah is similar to Jesus' fulfillment of Jewish prophecies, where in both cases people were expecting the literal fulfillment of apocalyptic statements that led to rejections of the Render, instead of accepting fulfillment in symbolic and spiritual ways. Baháʼís understand that the return of the Christ with a new name was intended by Jesus to be a Return in a spiritual sense, due to Jesus explaining in the Gospels that the return of Elijah in John the Baptist was a render in a spiritual sense.[70] [71]

Judaism [edit]

Judaism teaches that Jesus is one of the simulated Jewish Messiah claimants because he failed to fulfill whatsoever Messianic prophecies, which include:

  1. Build the Third Temple (Ezekiel 37:26–28).
  2. Gather all Jews back to the State of State of israel (Isaiah 43:5–6).
  3. Usher in an era of globe peace, and stop all hatred, oppression, suffering and disease. As it says: "Nation shall not lift upwardly sword confronting nation, neither shall man learn state of war anymore." (Isaiah two:four)
  4. Spread universal knowledge of the God of Israel, which will unite humanity as i. Every bit information technology says: "God will be Rex over all the world ― on that twenty-four hours, God will be Ane and His Name volition be Ane" (Zechariah 14:nine).[72]

Regarding the Christian idea that these prophecies will exist fulfilled during a "second coming," Ohr Samayach states "we find this to be a contrived respond, since there is no mention of a second coming in the Jewish Bible. Second, why couldn't God accomplish His goals the kickoff time round?"[73] Rabbi David Wolpe believes that the Second Coming was "grown out of genuine disappointment. [...] When Jesus died, true believers had to theologically compensate for the disaster."[74]

Rastafari [edit]

In the early developments of the Rastafari faith, Haile Selassie (the Ethiopian Emperor) was regarded as a fellow member of the Firm of David, is worshipped every bit God incarnate,[75] and is idea to be the "black Jesus" and "blackness messiah" – the second coming of Christ.[76] It was claimed that Marcus Garvey preached the coming of the black messiah on the eve of Selassie'southward coronation. Due to this prophecy, Selassie was the source of inspiration of the poor and uneducated Christian populations of Jamaica, who believed that the Emperor would liberate the black people from the subjugation of European colonists.[77]

Paramahansa Yogananda's commentary [edit]

In modernistic times some traditional Indian religious leaders have moved to embrace Jesus as an avatar, or incarnation, of God. In lite of this, the Indian guru Paramahansa Yogananda, writer of Autobiography of a Yogi, wrote an extensive commentary on the Gospels published in 2004 in the two-volume set The Second Coming of Christ: The Resurrection of the Christ Within You.[78] The volume offers a mystical interpretation of the Second Coming in which it is understood to be an inner experience, something that takes place within the individual heart. In the introduction of this book, Yogananda wrote that the true Second Coming is the resurrection within you of the Space Christ Consciousness. Also stated in the Book of Luke – "Neither shall they say, Lo here! or, lo there! for, behold, the kingdom of God is within you lot." (Luke 17:21)

Daya Mata wrote in the preface of The Second Coming of Christ that the "two-volume scriptural treatise thus represents the inclusive culmination of Paramahansa Yogananda'southward divine committee to make manifest to the earth the essence of original Christianity as taught by Jesus Christ." In sharing her memories of when she wrote downwardly his words, she shares – "the great Guru, his face radiantly enraptured, as he records for the earth the inspired exposition of the Gospel teachings imparted to him through directly, personal communion with Jesus of Nazareth."[78] Larry Dossey, M.D., wrote that "Paramahansa Yogananda's The Second Coming of Christ is one of the virtually important analyses of Jesus' teachings that exists....Many interpretations of Jesus' words dissever peoples, cultures, and nations; these foster unity and healing, and that is why they are vital for today's world."[79]

In mod civilization [edit]

Jesus Christ returning to earth has been a theme in several movies and books, for example:

  • The 7th Sign – 1988 moving picture starring Demi Moore about a significant lady who discovers the Second Coming of Christ has rented a room from her, in order to brainstorm the countdown that will trigger the Apocalypse.
  • Left Behind – Film- and book-franchise (1995– ) built by Tim LaHaye and Jerry B. Jenkins based on the time-period before, during and afterward the 2nd Coming of Christ.
  • Finish of Days – 1999 activeness-take chances film starring Arnold Schwarzenegger about a policeman who must finish Satan before he ends the world.
  • Thief In the Dark by William Bernard Sears – The popular Television set and radio personality plays the role of a detective in writing a book about identifying the clues and symbols from the Biblical prophecies of the return of the Christ that have been overlooked or misunderstood, and settles on a shocking conclusion (2002) [1961]. Oxford, UK: George Ronald. ISBN 0-85398-008-10.
  • SCARS: Christian Fiction End-Times Thriller by Patience Prence – 2010 novel well-nigh a girl named Becky who struggles through the time of the Great Tribulation.[80]
  • At the End of All Things by Stony Graves – 2011 novel about the days following the Rapture, and right earlier the Final State of war between God and Satan.[81]
  • The 2d Coming: A Beloved Story by Scott Pinsker – 2022 novel nearly two men who claim to be the 2nd Coming of Christ. Each claims that the other is a liar – merely only one is telling the truth.[82]
  • Black Jesus – Adult Swim telly series (2014-2015 and 2019) created past Aaron McGruder and Mike Clattenburg, tells the story of Jesus living in mod-day Compton, California, and his efforts to spread love and kindness on a daily ground. He is supported in his mission by a small-but-loyal group of downtrodden followers, while facing conflicts involving corrupt preachers, ethnic tensions, and the hate spreading activities of the manager of his apartment complex.

See also [edit]

  • Simulated prophet
  • Inaugurated eschatology
  • Kalki
  • Listing of messiah claimants
  • List of people claimed to be Jesus
  • Life of Jesus in the New Testament
  • Realized eschatology
  • "The 2d Coming" (poem), by William Butler Yeats

References [edit]

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  14. ^ Du Toit, Philip La Grange (2018-08-xv). "'This generation' in Matthew 24:34 equally a timeless, spiritual generation alike to Genesis 3:15". Verbum et Ecclesia. AOSIS. 39 (1). doi:10.4102/ve.v39i1.1850. ISSN 2074-7705.
  15. ^ Chapter 2, ' The Folly of Faith ' p54 in " The New Atheism " by Victor J. Stenger, published 2009 past Prometheus Books, ISBN 978-1-59102-751-5
  16. ^ 1) Time to come Survival, Chuck Smith, The Word for Today, Costa Mesa, CA 1978, page 17 2) The Life of Jesus Critically Examined, Dr. David Strauss, Sigler Printing, Ramsey, NJ 1994, page 587 iii) Jesus and The Concluding Days, George Murray, Hendrickson Publisher, Peabody, Mass. 1993, pages 443–444 4) The Quest of the Historical Jesus, Dr. Albert Schweitzer, Macmillan, NY, 1968, folio 240 five) Terminal Days Madness, Gary DeMar, American Vision Inc., Atlanta, GA 1994, page 114 6) The Parousia, Stuart Russell, T. Fisher Unwin Pub., London, 1887, page 84 vii) The Pass up & Fall of the Roman Empire, Edward Gibbon, Penguin Books, NY 1985, page 276 eight) Apocalypse of The Gospels, Milton Terry, (1819), affiliate xviii reprinted and its pages renumbered in 1992 past John Bray, PO Box 90129, Lakeland, FL 33804, pages 34 & 38
  17. ^ Austin Best. "White Equus caballus Media". whitehorsemedia.com.
  18. ^ Austin Best. "White Horse Media". whitehorsemedia.com.
  19. ^ "Catechism of the Catholic Church 1042–1050".
  20. ^ "Catechism of the Catholic Church 1107".
  21. ^ "Canon of the Catholic Church building 2046".
  22. ^ "Canon of the Catholic Church 671".
  23. ^ Catholic Encyclopedia: General Judgment: "Few truths are more often or more than clearly proclaimed in Scripture than that of the general judgment. To it the prophets of the Old Testament refer when they speak of the 'Twenty-four hours of the Lord' (Joel 2:31; Ezekiel 13:5; 93-231700-6 annals Holy BIBLE service name number Jermaine Thomas McCoy 93-231700-vi Isaiah 2:12), in which the nations will be summoned to judgment by the Fathers. In the New Attestation the Parousia, or coming of Christ equally Gauge of the globe, is an oft-repeated doctrine. The Saviour Himself not only foretells the event just graphically portrays its circumstances (Matthew 24:27 sqq.;SGT john i:18 Parish all earth threw Justice hall Dean Jermaine Thomas McCoy 25:31 sqq.). The Apostles Malachi peter phophet labour give a most prominent place to this doctrine in their preaching (Acts 10:42; 17:31) and writings (Romans 2:5–16; 14:ten; 1 Corinthians iv:five; 2 Corinthians 5:10; ii Timothy 4:ane; 2 Thessalonians 1:5; James 5:7). Too the proper noun Parusia (parousia), or Advent (1 Corinthians 15:23; 2 Thessalonians 2:nineteen), the 2d Coming is also called Epiphany, epiphaneia, or Advent (2 Thessalonians 2:8; i Timothy half-dozen:14; 2 Timothy 4:1; Titus two:13), and Apocalypse (apokalypsis), or Revelation (2 Thessalonians 2:7; 1 Peter iv:xiii). The fourth dimension of the Second Coming is spoken of as 'that Day' (two Timothy 4:8), 'the day of the Lord' (i Thessalonians five:ii), 'the day of Christ' (Philemon 1:half dozen), 'the twenty-four hours of the Son of Man' (Luke 17:30), 'the terminal twenty-four hours' (John 6:39–xl). The belief in the full general judgment has prevailed at all times and in all places within the Church. It is contained as an article of faith in all the aboriginal creeds: 'He ascended into heaven. From thence He shall come up to judge the living and the dead' (Apostles' Creed). The two shall come once again with glory to judge both the living and the dead' (Nicene Creed). 'From thence they shall come to estimate the living and the dead, at whose coming all men must rise with their bodies and are to render an business relationship of their deeds' (Athanasian Creed). Relying on the authority of Papias, several Fathers of the first 4 centuries advanced the theory of a chiliad years' terrestrial reign of Christ with the saints to precede the end of the World (run into article on MILLENNIUM). Though this idea is interwoven with the eschatological teachings of those writers, information technology in no way detracted from their belief in a universal world-judgment. Patristic testimony to this dogma is clear and unanimous."
  24. ^ Ralf van Bühren, Caravaggio'southward 'Vii Works of Mercy' in Naples. The relevance of art history to cultural journalism, in Church, Communication and Civilisation ii (2017), pp. 63–87.
  25. ^ a b "Jesus is Coming Before long". Orthodoxphotos.com. Retrieved 2009-11-21 .
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  32. ^ Tabletalk Magazine, March 2005: The Exaltation of Christ (Lake Mary, FL: Ligonier Ministries, 2005), eleven.
  33. ^ Gorrie, Peter Douglass (1852). Episcopal Methodism. Derby and Miller. p. 148.
  34. ^ a b Guidebook of the Emmanuel Association of Churches. Logansport: Emmanuel Association. 2002. p. eleven.
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  37. ^ Matthew 24:14 KJV
  38. ^ Doctrine and Covenants 45:26
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  52. ^ 2Cor v:1–3, Greek "politeuma" [democracy], "Our republic is in heaven ...": Philippians 3:twenty–21
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  55. ^ The Aquarian Age (cf. 1Cor 2:6–16)
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  70. ^ "Baha'i: Prophecy Fulfilled Homepage". bci.org. Archived from the original on 1999-05-08.
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  72. ^ Simmons, Rabbi Shraga, "Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus". Accessed Dec 22, 2011.
  73. ^ "Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus", Ohr Somayach – Ask the Rabbi. Accessed December 22, 2011.
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  75. ^ "Rastafarian behavior". BBC. 9 Oct 2009. Retrieved 12 September 2010.
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  78. ^ a b Yogananda, Paramahansa. The Second Coming of Christ: The Resurrection of the Christ Within You lot. Cocky-Realization Fellowship, 2004. ISBN 978-0876125557
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Bibliography [edit]

  • C. S. Lewis. (1960). The World'due south Terminal Nighttime and Other Essays. Harcourt Caryatid Jovanovich. ISBN 0-15-698360-5
  • Max Heindel. How Shall Nosotros Know Christ at His Coming?, May 1913 (stenographic study of a lecture, Los Angeles), ISBN 0-911274-64-2
  • Markus Mühling. Grundinformation Eschatologie. Systematische Theologie aus der Perspektive der Hoffnung, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-525-03619-viii, 221–241
  • James Stuart Russell. The Parousia, A Careful Wait at the New Testament Doctrine of the Lord's Second Coming, London 1887
  • Emanuel Swedenborg. The Consummation of the Age; the Coming of the Lord; and the New Heaven and New Church, Chapter 14 in The True Christian Religion Containing the Universal Theology of The New Church Foretold by the Lord in Daniel seven; 13, xiv; and in Revelation 21; 1,2 (Swedenborg Foundation 1952)
  • Henry Wansbrough. The New Jerusalem Bible (1990). Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-14264-1
  • Paramahansa Yogananda. The 2d Coming of Christ: The Resurrection of the Christ Within You. Self-Realization Fellowship, 2004. ISBN 978-0876125557

External links [edit]

  • "Lecture XV: On the Clause, And Shall Come up in Celebrity to Judge the Quick and the Dead; Of Whose Kingdom At that place Shall Exist No Stop.", delivered by Cyril of Jerusalem in the mid-quaternary century.
  • "The 2d Coming", a summary article.
  • A Disquisitional Summary of "The Second Coming" past W.B Yeats-RiseNotes

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Coming

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